托福听力是如何出题的？文本的结构性

　　托福听力是如何出题的?文本的结构性  相信做过TPO听力两遍以上的同学都很清楚，托福听力部分的讲课有很明显的层次结构，那么我们要做平时的准备，在听完后善于总结和概括每个部分的大意。因为在了然大意之后，文章的出题点也就基本形成了。下面是TPO24的鳄鱼讲座为例：

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　　"Take American alligators. If you were to go to a swamp during the breeding season, you'd hear a chorus of sounds, deep grunts, hisses, these are sounds that male alligators make.

　　And some of them are powerful enough to make the water vibrate. This sends a strong, go-away message to the other males. So the alligator can focus on sending other sound waves through the water, sound waves that you and I couldn't even hear since they are at such low frequency. But they do reach the female alligator, who then goes to find and mate with the male.

　　Vocalization is um...well, it is used for other reasons..."

　　通过信号词(take American alligators和used for other reasons)确定这是一个小层次，在笔记中，相信大家都会记下：

　　Ame alligator

　　1. Send go away messa-> other

　　2. Reach female(mate)

　　我们可以得知：美洲鳄发声来驱赶同性和吸引异性，总结为美洲短吻鳄的发声的目的。再看题目

　　According to the professor, what are two functions of the sounds made by male alligators? Click 2 answers

　　To frighten predators

　　To attract mates

　　To locate hatchlings

　　To threaten other males

　　我们可以看出是细节题，但考的内容是以上总结的部分：短吻鳄的发声的目的/功能，所以很容易的选出B和D两个答案。

　　总结每个部分的分论点有两大优点：第一 能够预判出题的大致内容;第二能防止信息混乱，尤其是在做下面的题目时，可以起到区别和定位的作用。