托福听力中主旨题要怎么听呢？如何避免掉入做题陷阱？

　　托福听力中主旨题都有哪些陷阱呢?其实主旨题出现的频次可以说是很高了，所以大家对于它的熟悉度也是足够的，但是要注意有些时候有一些陷阱的句子可能会误导你的判断，所以要怎么样识别这就是做题的技巧了，下面我们就一起来了解一下要怎么听呢?

（图片来源于网络）

　　从第一句开始集中注意力

　　听力文章毕竟是直接取自北美的真实课堂场景，难免会有老师会以不同的方式来开始自己的教学，开门见山的方式其实就是陷阱的来源之一。有的同学习惯了前面内容泛听，逐渐进入状态，就会导致错过主旨关键信息。

　　例如：Ok, back in the 1930s, a biologist named G.F.Gause first proposed what’s known as “Gause’s hypothesis”. Gause said that whenever you've got two similar species competing for the exact same limited resources, one of them will have some sort of advantage,however slight that'll eventually enable this species to dominate and ultimately exclude the other one, even cause it to become extinct. That's why Gause's hypothesis came to be called "The competitive exclusion principle". (TPO36 Lecture 4)

　　区分小故事和主旨

　　教授为了在课堂开始时吸引学生的注意力，会以一些小故事或者例子来开始整个课堂，在讲完故事或例子之后才会出现主旨，会有学生把这些小故事或者例子当成主旨。

　　如TPO54的这篇:A popular misconception about archaeology: Some people imagine we just go out into the field with a shovel and start digging,hoping to find something significant.

　　Well, while there is an element of luck involved, we have an array of high-tech tools to help us figure out where to concentrate our efforts.

　　One of the newer tools actually relies on particle physics. Talk about interdisciplinary!

　　Here's a machine that brings together two very different sciences.This machine is called a muon detector. (TPO54 Lecture 2)

　　有的同学听到第一句的misconception就赶快记下来了，主旨题就选择了misconception相关选项。但其实这个词其实是professor来吸引学生们注意，进一步引入muon detector这个重点信息的。

　　识别背景介绍

　　Professor为了让学生更好地理解课上讲解的重点，会在开头部分进行背景介绍。

　　如：We’ve been talking about animal cognition - the study of animal intelligence. Now, much of the research in this area is motivated by the search for animal analogues, or parallels to human cognitive processes. And one of the processes we’ve been investigating is metacognition. (TPO30 L1)

　　有的同学听到第一句对animal cognition进行下定义，会误以为主旨与此相关。其实对animal cognition的讲解是为了引出metacognition这个重点。